Effective Spatial Degrees of Freedom of Natural Temperature Variability as a Function of Frequency

Frequency-band values of the ESDOF measures D (solid lines) and D_fit (dashed lines), obtained from the HadCRUT4 temperature fields, as a function of the truncation wavenumber n_T, for the multidecadal (blue), interannual (green), and subannual (red) frequency band. The vertical black line is at n_T = 23.

Citation: Journal of Climate 37, 8; 10.1175/JCLI-D-23-0040.1